The first edition of the KJV spelled Jesus with an old English i rather than a j. We call Him Jesus with a j in modern English, yet Jesus in Greek is spelled with an iota – Iησούς and is pronounced ee-ay-sooce’. The name Jesus in our English Bibles is derived from His classical Latin transliteration, which was Iēsous, also spelled at first with an i. This early Latin transliteration from the Greek still sounded like the Greek (ee-ay-sooce’), before the Romans added the j sound to their alphabet. This amounts to more than just an iota of difference.

The most common language of the world was still Greek when Jesus arrived. The world language became Roman (a.k.a. Latin) by the time the printing press was invented. Latin was the first language to start using a J sound. KJV English soon followed. The modern Spanish pronunciation of Jesús is a better transliteration of the name than the modern English pronunciation of Jesus. In Spanish Jesus is pronounced “hay-SOOS”, even though it is spelled with a j. Hay-soos sounds more like a direct Greek to Spanish transliteration, without the late Latin influence.

Joshua with a J sound is our modern Hebrew to English translation of His name. When interpreting into English from the Hebrew of the Masoretic text we say Joshua rather than Jesus. The same name from the same verse from the Geek Septuagint text is properly translated into English as Jesus. It is the same person whether we call him by his Hebrew to English name Joshua or his Greek to English name Jesus. It is not as if Joshua only lived in the old Hebrew covenant and Jesus only lived in the new Greek covenant. The third Jesus lived in both covenants. The old covenant Jews were speaking Greek long before they were resurrected into the new covenant. Alexander the great saw to that.

Those who want to call Jesus ‘Yeshua’ to emphasize His pre-Septuagint Jewishness, should ask themselves why God wasn’t so historically concerned with the archaic Hebrew language that was dying out. Jesus the Christ was born into a post-Septuagint Greek-speaking Jewish world. The biblical focus is on the power of the person, not the power of a language or the pronunciation of a name. The power of any language is in the communication of the meaning. God chose to give us the complete Bible from Genesis through The Revelation of Jesus the Christ in Greek not Hebrew. The gospel went out in all the languages (on the day the Jews were born again) on Pentecost, but that Holy Spirit inspired multi-lingual event was written for us in Greek.

One would think God would have miraculously taught the 12 tribes archaic Hebrew on the day of Pentecost. The rebirth of the nation should have been in Hebrew, according to the “holy” thinking of modern day unbelievers. Instead, the 12 tribes gathered and miraculously understood the gospel in all their assimilated languages. It was a real eye opener for the 12 tribes in any language. In Acts chapter two all the language barriers listed are miraculously overcome by under-standing in the Holy Spirit. This international launch of the gospel into the Roman Empire on the Hebrew day of Pentecost was preserved for us in koine Greek. Koine refers to the common language or the lingua franca of the era.

The root of the name Jesus means to deliver, rescue or save and the prefix means God. Jesus means God saves. If Jesus’ English name from the Hebrew is Joshua then why do we call Him Jesus and not Joshua? Did Jesus prefer His name transliterated from Hebrew or Greek? Wasn’t Jesus born into the old covenant? Jesus lived on the land during the Greek-speaking old covenant era, not the Hebrew speaking old covenant era. The so called silent years of the Jews produced a Greek version of the scriptures not a Hebrew one.

All our existing records of Jesus’ life on the land were given to us in Greek. We were not given a Hebrew (or Aramaic) record of Jesus’ time in the old covenant land. Jesus’ flesh and blood body lived all but 40 days in the old testament, not the new testament. That doesn’t mean He miraculously started speaking Greek for 40 days after He was resurrected into His new covenant creation. He already knew Greek in the old covenant. He also already had and shared the Holy Spirit with the Jews in the old covenant.

Place of birth, father and occupation were all used to distinguish between people with the same name. For examples: Jesus son of Nun, Jesus of Nazareth, and John the baptizer. John and Jesus are common names. Jesus Christ means “Jesus thee anointed one”. His unique name points to His 3.5 years of old covenant work, by way of the Holy Spirit anointing, and His messianic completion of the 40-year re-generation, from heaven. Christ is from the Greek word for ‘the anointed one’. Messiah is from the Hebrew word for ‘the anointed one’. Both the Hebrew Messiah and the Greek Christ make His name unique among the many people named Joshua/Jesus. Calling Him Jesus the Christ or Joshua the Messiah removes all confusion as to which Jesus/Joshua we are talking about. In any language this refers to the third Jesus.

Jesus the Christ indicates God’s work of salvation by way of the Holy Spirit anointing through His only begotten Son from Nazareth. The Son of God started restoring His people in the power of the Holy Spirit after He was baptized and tested in the wilderness. His chosen people worked with Him in the power of the Holy Spirit that He gave to them, even in the old covenant. 53 days after His second baptism, He permanently granted the Holy Spirit to His chosen Jews. His second baptism was for them. On the cross, He was being baptized for the dead ones. The elect Jews were then baptized in the Holy Spirit of the messiah on Pentecost. Peter then preached a Holy Spirit anointed sermon about Jesus the Jewish Christ. Apparently Peter preached to the diaspora in Greek. The 12 tribes knew for sure which Jesus they were following at that time. The One who was promising His brethren a final “sabbatism” in lieu of a final destruction.

Hebrews 4:8-9

 ⁸ For if Jesus [the first one] had given them the true rest, we (Hebrews) should not afterwards hear God speaking of another still future day. ⁹ It follows that there still remains a sabbatism for the people of God [The believing Hebrews did enter His Day of rest].

The Hebrews followed the first Jesus into the land the first time they entered it (after their 40-year re-generation in the wilderness). The tribe of Judah followed a second Jesus into the typical land the second time they entered it (after 70 years of regeneration of the land and the people). The Jews started following the third Jesus after His 40 days in the wilderness. The Greek letter to the Hebrews was a finality call to all 12 tribes to follow the third Jesus into their permanent promises, after their 40-year Holy Spirit regeneration culminated in AD 70. Who was more prepared than this generation of Hebrews to follow another Jesus into the heavenly land of promise? The 12 tribes gathered in Jerusalem received the promise of the Holy Spirit. That first century Holy Spirit inspired generation of Hebrews were using Greek scriptures from Genesis through The Revelation of Jesus the Christ. To these Hebrews, all three promised-land leaders were obviously named Ιησούς (Jesus) in Greek: Jesus one, Jesus two and Jesus three were all called Ιησούς by the first century people of God.

Hebrews 4

JuliaSmith ¹ Let us [Hebrews] therefore fear, lest a solemn promise being left to come into his rest, any of you should seem to have failed. ² For we [first century Hebrews] also were announced of the good news, as well as they [15th century BC Hebrews]: but the word of the report [from Joshua and Caleb and or from Moses] profited them not, not being mixed with faith to them having heard. ³ For we [first century Hebrews] having believed come into [are coming into] the rest, as he said, As I sware in my wrath, if they shall come into my rest: although the works having been from the foundation of the world [the works from the founding of the cosmos in Genesis chapter one and or at Mount Sinai were both coming into being or being finished – γίνομαι – ginomai – ghin’-om-ahee. A prolonged and middle form of a primary verb; to cause to be (“gen” -erate), that is, (reflexively) to become (come into being)]. ⁴ For he said somewhere of the seventh thus, And God ceased in the seventh day from all his works. [So God sent His only begotten Son as a 6th day human so the Jews could join His very good works into His 7th day rest for humanity] ⁵ And in this again, If they shall enter into my rest. ⁶ Since therefore it remains for some to come into it, and they before announced of the good news came not in through unbelief [they didn’t believe the good report from the first Jesus so they were typically regenerated for 40 years]: ⁷ Again he limits a certain day, saying in David, To day, after such time; as it is said, To day if ye would hear his [the third Jesus’] voice, harden not your hearts. ⁸ For if [the first] Jesus had caused them to rest, he would not have spoken of another day after these things. ⁹ Therefore a celebration of a sabbath remains to the people of God [the phrase “celebration of ” is added to the English text by this translator to help describe this single and unique Greek word “sabbatism”]. ¹⁰ For he [the third Jesus] having come into his rest, he also has ceased from his works, as God from his own. ¹¹ Therefore we should be earnest to come into that rest [by joining the Holy Spirit enabled work of Jesus’ Jewish belief], lest any should fall in the same pattern of unbelief. ¹² For the word of God living, and effective, and more piercing than any two-mouthed sword, and penetrating even to the division both of soul and spirit, both the joints and marrows, and a critic of the reflections and thoughts of the heart. ¹³ And there is no creation invisible before him: and all things naked and exposed, neck and face to view, to the eyes of him with whom to us is the word. ¹⁴ Having therefore a great chief priest, passed to the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, we should hold firmly the assent [the confession, profession, agreement or acknowledgement of the Messiah by the Hebrews]. ¹⁵ For we [Hebrews] have not a chief priest unable to suffer with our weaknesses; but tried in all things as a resemblance [Jesus was like His people], without sin. ¹⁶ We [Hebrews] should therefore go with freedom of speech [boldness] to the throne of grace, that we [the Hebrews] receive mercy, and find grace for timely [today] assistance.

Clearly the first exodus Hebrews followed the typical Jesus of verse 8 into the typical promised land after 40 years in the wilderness. Clearly they were not given permanent rest as a consequence of their works. Clearly the first century Hebrews were being called to follow the fulfillment Jesus to their eternal place of rest. The real Most Holy Place was never on any Hebrew land, unless you count the third Jesus as the real Most Holy Place from heaven, since He called Himself the tabernacle (torn down only to be rebuilt the third day). In Jesus, the full image of God stood in the temple of His body in the old covenant land.

The original tabernacle was with the Hebrews during their 40-year trek and it was made of skin. They took that typical tent into the promised land with the first Jesus. In the promised land the Hebrews took up a different temple of different types to a different god. So they were expelled from the land, because they got the types all wrong. The first two Jesuses were types that led to the third Jesus. The third Jesus was born into the typical land to fulfill all types. The Jews who were expelled in AD 70 got their types wrong again.

Acts 7:43-46

ECB ⁴³ Yes, you took the tabernacle of Molech and the star of Kiyun, your el; – types you made to worship: and I exiled you beyond Babel [Babylon]. ⁴⁴ Our fathers had the tabernacle of witness [fulfilled by Jesus as the tabernacle of witness to the first century Jews] in the wilderness, exactly as he ordained, speaking to Mosheh [Moses] to make it according to the type he saw: ⁴⁵ which also our fathers, having received in succession, brought in with Yah Shua [the first Jesus] ^* into the possession of the goyim [Gentiles or nations] – whom Elohim expelled from the face of our fathers to the days of David; ⁴⁶ who found charism [grace] in the sight of Elohim [God], and asked to find a tabernacle for the Elohim of Yaaqov [God of Jacob]. ^{*Yah Shua: successor of Mosheh} [AKA Joshua successor of Moses. This Greek to English translator continuously inserts Hebrew pronunciations to the otherwise all Greek text.]

The first century Hebrews didn’t need the Hebrew land or the Hebrew language or the Hebrew temple of Solomon to complete their journey into the new covenant of promise. It was both, the portability aspect and the permanence aspect of their tabernacles in the wilderness and in the land, that were fulfilled, when the most Holy Place became the Greek-speaking Jesus Himself. Speaking Greek did not make Jesus’ words more or less Holy. In fact, the Jews would fulfill their great commission with much more reach in Greek, after the Holy Spirit took up residence in them, as the new covenant portable and permanent temple. The new covenant tabernacle of witness is still the body of Christ in any language. The first century old covenant body of Christ martyred remained the true witness even after the resurrection. Our completed Bible would not be more holy had it been compiled and completed in Hebrew rather than in Greek. It would have been less accessible though.

Stephen was the first post-cross new covenant Jew to be martyred by post-cross old covenant Jews, for telling them the gospel truth, presumably in Greek. Their are no post-cross old covenant Jews after AD 70, even returning to archaic Hebrew doesn’t a true Jew make. Old covenant hold outs who survived the destruction of the second temple were no longer holding out in the old covenant. It wasn’t half-time intermission the second time the Jews were destroyed. It was half-time inter-mission the first time the Jews were destroyed.

The old covenant reached the 1000-year age of accountability in AD 70. At the age of accountability they were either saved or lost. There was no in between anymore. Their salvation didn’t get put on indefinite hold. Jewish Jesus didn’t say to Jewish Nicodemus that he must be born again to avoid being put on hold. Jewish rebirth was the only way for Nicodemus to avoid destruction at the end of the age. Jesus didn’t tell Nicodemus how to avoid waiting for his resurrection from Hades. He told him how to avoid destruction (along with Hades).

A stationary temple in the typical promised land was David’s idea, but His son Solomon built it. Like the portable tabernacle, the stationary one was not very permanent. It was a copy or a type of the permanent one in heaven. True rest was entered into by entering into the Day of the third Jesus, even if He did read to His people from their own Greek translation of the Tanakh.

Throwing a Hebrew name into their Greek text would have just confused things for these Greek speaking Hebrews in their international diaspora. They knew their Messiah was prophesied to arrive and they knew that He had in fact arrived. They knew He carried the same name as the first Jesus. The Greek letter to the Hebrews still attests to that. Both Jesus one and Jesus three are called Ιησούς in the original letter to the first century Hebrews.

What language would you use to write a letter to the first century Hebrews, who were scattered into every known nation, with a multitude of languages? Maybe you would choose the international language of the day (koine Greek means common Greek). Maybe that is why the Jews were somehow inspired to make a Greek Tanakh during their so called silent years. The pre-Christ, pre-Holy Spirit Jews were somehow inspired to translate and record all their scriptures into international Greek. Post-Holy Spirit Jews completed speaking the Bible in Greek. We received Genesis through The Revelation of Jesus the Christ from the covenant-transition-Jews, in Greek, not Hebrew or Aramaic or Latin.

Even if the pre-Christ Jews made the Septuagint just for the 12 tribes, they weren’t being silent during their ‘silent years’. They were being internationally evangelistic whether they realized it or not. The Jews didn’t give the gospel to the nations in Aramaic or Hebrew or Yiddish. The mystery of the gospel was revealed to the world by the Holy Spirit anointed Jews, who miraculously crossed every language barrier that revelatory day of Pentecost, as written down for us to see, in Greek. It’s all Greek to me and that makes more sense not less. The best selling Hebrew literature of all time is the Bible. The Bible was given to the world by Greek speaking Jews.

We still read about their first century evangelistic successes in Greek. If anybody was evangelized by Jews speaking Aramaic, it was Nebuchadnezzar. Sure enough, both Daniel 1-6 and Jeremiah 10:11 are originally written in Aramaic. The rest of Daniel addresses the fulfillment of Hebrew scripture, so it was originally written in the Hebrew of the day. Greek didn’t become the lingua franca until Alexander the great. The counting of the Hebrew day resumed after 70 years were fulfilled in the wilderness of Babylon. The Jews were scattered in and beyond Aramaic speaking Babylon. At 70 years fulfillment the Jews were allowed to return to the land and count to the sabbaticals again. They had 490 more years to count to sabbaths.

Centuries before Jesus arrived to telos the Day, the whole book of Daniel was translated from both Aramaic and Hebrew into contemporary Greek. Jeremiah 10:11 may have been spoken by the Jews in Aramaic to Nebuchadnezzar himself, because he and his people spoke Aramaic. Greek was the common language when Jesus arrived to telos the Day. The Day of the Lord was fulfilled by facing either destruction or eternal life in a Greek speaking world.

We call Him Jesus instead of Yeshua because we got our English translation of His Jewish name from the Greek text. The first century Jews were teaching the Bible to the nations in Greek. The first century Jews who rejected Jesus were also in their international synagogues teaching and debating scriptures in Greek. Even Jesus apparently used the Greek Septuagint when He stood and read from Isaiah, in the synagogue in Jerusalem.

If we would translate our whole Bible from the first century church’s Greek scriptures, then the book of Joshua would be called the book of Jesus, like it is written in the Septuagint (Ιησούς). That would make the fulfillment exodus even more clear, not less clear. It would make the transition of covenants more apparent. It would make the fulfillment of types even more obvious. The Septuagint was the authoritative Jewish scriptures of Second Temple Judaism, from which the new covenant assembly emerged. The Greek text remained prevalent in the assemblies until Martin Luther assumed the Masoretic text to be the original. Ironically, Martin Luther rejected the unbelievers who eventually compiled the modern Hebrew Tanakh. Martin Luther should have loved the first century believing Jews who gave us the ancient Greek Tanakh.

Today there is a movement to obscure the meaning even more by adding Hebrew sounding words to our English Bibles, even after the book of Malachi. From Matthew through Revelation we don’t have any ancient Hebrew or Aramaic manuscripts. All we have is ancient Greek texts. So why add Hebrew transliterations to our English translations? Even from Genesis through Malachi, copies of the complete Greek Bible are older than copies of the complete Hebrew tanakh.

When we add Hebrew sounding words to our English translations today, we don’t actually use Hebrew letters or add any Hebrew script, and we still read from left to right. We just try to add the Hebrew sounds using our modern English alphabet. It is called a transliteration. But who decides when we transliterate Greek Bible names as if the text was given to us in Hebrew, when it was actually written in Greek? ECB (exeGeses companion Bible) does it all the time. The New KJV does it for one word in Hebrews 4:8, as if the one word in the Greek letter to the Hebrews was written in Hebrew (יהושׁע) not Greek (Ιησούς). We know it wasn’t.

The first century Jews used an all Greek text, from Genesis through The Revelation of the Messiah. The Eastern Orthodox church still uses the Greek Septuagint, along with all the rest of the first century Greek-given scriptures. After the big church split of 1054, the Roman Catholic church started to abandon the Septuagint and turned back to the incomplete Hebrew text. The Hebrew text was compiled and propagandized by unbelievers outside the land after the old testament officially ended. Martin Luther may have protested western catholicism, but he solidified their modern Masoretic inclinations as proposed to them by the unbelievers.

The diaspora Hebrews knew that the one Greek name for both people in Hebrews 4:8 and 4:15 represented two very different people with the very same name. All three Jesuses are differentiated by their father/Father and or where they are from, not their name. Jesus from Nazereth is also called the human from heaven in 1 Corinthians 15:47. He is called the son of Joseph by law and the only begotten Son of God by the Holy Spirit. The third Jesus entered the types to fulfill them. The first and second typical Jesuses gave us typical outcomes from the typical land because they had typical fathers. The third Jesus telosed the types from heaven. These three Hebrew people with the same name in any language are greatly contrasted by their outcomes, by their Father/father and by where they came from. Their names are intentionally the same to fulfill the big picture.

It actually helped the Hebrews see the transition of covenants better by comparing the three leaders with the same name (the second entry into the promised land with the second Jesus is Jesus the son of Josedech from the tribe of Aaron). The believing Hebrews knew they couldn’t return to their typical regenerations to reach their anti-typical destination. The first 40-year regeneration of the nation died after 490 years in the land. The second 70-year regeneration of the tribe of Judah also died after 490 years back in the land. Those who were resurrected in the flesh for the second time got a worse result then the first time they were regenerated in the flesh; they were expelled permanently after the second 490 years. The new spiritual beginning was better because the third Jesus made it happen He took them into the land and insured their permanence. He went in first and prepared an eternal place for them in heaven.

The third Jesus fulfilled the first two Jesuses in any language. Their second covenant was fulfilling their first covenant. The spiritual regeneration fulfilled both the 40 year typical regeneration and the 70 year typical regeneration. Those Jews who remained in the second flesh resurrection were exiled for the second time in AD 70, after 40 years of Jesus’ Holy Spirit ministry to the Jews. You know which Jesus enabled the Jews to complete their work and call it very good. Flesh and blood Jews did not inherit the kingdom. Born again Jews did. If you don’t have the Holy Spirit you are not His people.

The last time the Hebrew name for Jesus is used in scripture is in Zechariah.

Zechariah 6:11

KJV ¹¹ Then take silver and gold, and make crowns, and set them upon the head of Joshua the son of Josedech, the high priest;

Unlike the Joshua/Jesus who led the 12 tribes into the land after the first typical regeneration, the Joshua/Jesus who accompanied the leadership in the second resurrection of the tribe of Judah was a high priest. Both Jesuses commenced sabbaticals by the reading of the law in the land. The first land sabbatical commenced the 490 year counts both times they entered the land. But when the tribe of Judah re-entered the land, a high priest had to read the law to start the land sabbath, since the lawful count to the 1000-year sabbatism was already underway. Whether well underway or sickly under way, it was underway.

Every Jubilee recounted the very first God given sabbatical in the 1000-year count to the final Jubilee. Jesus came so humanity could enter God’s rest day. The law was initially read to all the people in the very first year in the land by a Jesus who was not a high priest. That was the beginning of their 1000-year count under law. The first Joshua/Jesus lawized them in the land. The second Joshua resumed the fulfilling of sabbath counting under law. The third Joshua actually gave them true rest, by way of His sabbatism. His final sabbatism remained to be fulfilled when Hebrews 4:9 was written. The Holy Spirit enabled the first century Hebrews to Join Jesus in His very good work.

A priest named Jesus accompanied the regeneration of the tribe of Judah as they went back into the land for the second time, to resume their lawful count to 1000. This high priest Joshua was capable of initiating sabbaticals under law, yet he couldn’t insure a permanent rest for the Jews. The second Joshua/Jesus only accompanied a partial resurrection of the 12 tribes. This second resurrection of the Jews was accompanied by a second typical Jesus and would also end in the second failure to permanently resurrect the tribe of Judah, let alone the whole nation. The 12 tribes who joined the Holy Spirit resurrection that started in Jerusalem on Pentecost were all told to follow the new covenant Joshua/Jesus into the permanent land, in the letter written to those very Hebrews. The letter to the Hebrews calls for an abandonment of the typical Jesus results. The second resurrection in the flesh failed worse than the first regeneration in the flesh. The Holy Spirit resurrection didn’t fail.

The first Jesus who led the people into the promised land was born in Egypt of the tribe of Ephraim, the son of Nun. Evidently he was not under the law of the Aaronic Priesthood until he entered the land and read that law to the nation in the land. He acted as a type of a priest without the Aaronic genealogy. The first Jesus initiated the first uncounted-to (grace given) sabbatical in the land. After the first two battles of Jericho and Ai the land was given rest for a year, for the first time under law. The first Jesus acted as a priest without genealogy when he read the law to the people in the land. The first Jesus typically lawized them. The second Jesus, who led Judah back into the promised land after 70 years was fulfilled, was already under the penalty of law in exile. The exile was in the half way count to the final Jubilee. The Jews were exiled for breaking the sabbath laws. The broken law was fulfilled at half-time by giving the land rest for the 70 years of sabbatisms they missed.

The first century Jesus, who was born under law, was born toward the end of the second 490 years in the land. The third Jesus was born 70 years prior to the final fulfillment. He took Himself and His people out from under law, before fulfilling the final thousand-year Jubilee. After returning to heaven, the third Jesus became the permanent high priest in the order of Melchisedek. The first Jesus (we know him as Joshua son of Nun from the tribe of Ephraim) to go into the typical land was born in Egypt. The second Jesus (we know him as Joshua son of Jozadak of the tribe of Aaron) to go into the typical land was born in the diaspora. The third Jesus (we know Him as son of Joseph tribe of Judah by law and Son of God by the Holy Spirit from the tribe of Judah through Mary) to go into the land was born in the typical land under law. The third Jesus fled to Egypt to avoid being murdered. He was the Jesus who rescued His people out from under the law of ‘Egypt’ by putting the slavery to law to death and taking the people into the new creation’s spirit-realm life.

Romans 8:6-9

YLT ⁶ for the mind of the flesh is death, and the mind of the Spirit—life and peace; ⁷ because the mind of the flesh is enmity to God, for to the law of God it doth not subject itself, ⁸ for neither is it able; and those who are in the flesh are not able to please God. ⁹ And ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if indeed the Spirit of God doth dwell in you; and if any one hath not the Spirit of Christ—this one is not His;

The third Jesus enabled the real promised land entry. Like the first Jesus, He could not be a priest in the land under law. The second Jesus was necessarily a priest under law, since the Jews were halfway through their thousand-year law fulfillment in the flesh when he entered the land. The third Jesus went into the permanent promised land ahead of his brethren. From there He wrote the law on the Hebrew heart by way of the Holy Spirit, Whom He sent to them in Jerusalem. He sent the Holy Spirit from heaven to prepare them for that promised land. He sent the Holy Spirit to write the law on the Jewish heart, starting on their summer sabbath count to the 50th day, called Pentecost. That preliminary sabbatism prepared them ahead of time for the 50th year sabbatism of Tabernacles.

The fulfillment Jesus made their permanence sure. The first, second and third Jesuses all took the Jews into the land. The re-generation by way of the Holy Spirit enabled entry into the eternal place in AD 70. The two regenerations in the flesh failed to bring permanence. The first flesh regeneration took 40 years in the wilderness. The second flesh regeneration took 70 years in the wilderness. Those in the second re-generation died their second death in AD 70.

Haggai 1:14

KJV ¹⁴ And the LORD stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua the son of Josedech, the high priest, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people; and they came and did work in the house of the LORD of hosts, their God, [Yahweh stirred up their spirits to enter the land for the second time]

Obviously the following Greek to English interlinear gives us an interpretation rather than an honest translation, by rendering the Greek name Ιησούς (Yesus) as Joshua rather than Jesus. This is the one place out of 962 times where many translators become interpreters. Ιησούς is Jesus in English, not Joshua. The name Joshua should be used in Hebrew to English interlinears not Greek to English interlinears. In this interlinear of Hebrews the Greek name is translated as the Hebrew name.

Even the Greek to English Septuagint Interlinear does it.

The following excerpt is taken from: Catholic Answers Staff

https://www.catholic.com/qa/were-any-of-the-gospels-written-in-christs-own-language

[this article just assumes Jesus wasn’t born into a Greek speaking world]

Jewish Book

Our information about Jesus thus depends upon the writings of the members of a first-century Jewish sect. All the original members of this sect were Jews, as were almost all the writers of the New Testament.

[But the writers of the new testament were believing Jews, whereas the rewriters of the old testament were unbelieving Jews.]

Although its earliest known form is in the Greek language, the New Testament is a thoroughly Jewish book. It is full of ideas, idioms, and thought and language forms which are so completely Semitic that Christians reading from the Old Testament to the New Testament have invariably felt that they were continuing a single story.

Dr. Robert Lindsey, Pastor Emeritus of Jerusalem’s Narkis Street Baptist Congregation, has resided in Israel for over forty years. His research is challenging many conclusions of New Testament scholarship from the past 150 years, Lindsey and his colleague, Professor David Flusser of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, have been instrumental in creating a new approach to the study of the synoptic Gospels, In this series of articles, Dr. Lindsey provides an introduction to the field of synoptic studies and the “synoptic problem”

Even the non-Jewish writer Luke, author of the longest account of the life of Jesus in the New Testament and the only apostolic history in this collection (The Acts of the Apostles), fills his works with quotations from the highly Semitic sayings of Jesus and the preaching of Jewish apostles. Indeed, it is the Greek Luke who has best preserved the materials about Jesus first written in Hebrew or Aramaic and then translated to Greek.

[Dr Lindsey says that the Greek was originally written in either in Hebrew or Aramaic. Obviously we don’t have proof of this assertion. Happily enough we only have ancient Greek copies of Luke and Acts just like every other scripture past Malachi.]

Paul’s Letters

The earliest “books” of the New Testament are not the Gospels, but the letters of Paul and, possibly, the epistle of Jesus’ brother James. These letters do not present even a minimal account of Jesus’ life. Rather, they contain appeals to early Greek-speaking Christians, of both Jewish and pagan background…

[Another strangely misnamed person is Jesus’ half brother in the flesh yet full brother in the Spirit. So called “James” would be “Jacob”, if his name was translated normally, from Greek to English].

Pilate would have known Greek as the international language. There is no indication he was using an Assyrian or a Hebrew translator to speak to the Jews during the trial of Jesus. We have no ancient copies of the gospels or the rest of the Bible in any language other than Greek. What language did we the church first receive the complete Bible in? Looks like all Greek from Genesis through The Revelation Of The Christ.

The next answer to a question from the same article claims that the “Hebrew” language means whatever language the Jews were speaking at the time, since they assume that to be Aramaic without much if any evidence. A preponderance of historical evidence proves that the Jews were writing Greek scriptures all the way back to Genesis, before they completed the whole biblical cannon, all in Greek. The Jews did not make an Aramaic Tanakh during the “silent years”. They didn’t even compile a complete Hebrew Tanakh. Traditionally, 70 scholarly Jews interpreted the complete Torah and Tanakh (from oral tradition and the extent of the writings) into the international language of the day, which was obviously and incontestably Greek, not Aramaic or Hebrew or even Latin. The Greek Jewish Bible was made hundreds of years before Jesus arrived. The Greek speaking Jews completed their Greek Bible after the resurrection.

Question:

Were any of the Gospels written in Aramaic, since Christ and the apostles spoke that language? Was Hebrew only spoken by the priests in the Temple? Did Pilate use an interpreter when he spoke to Christ?

Answer:

We do not know for certain whether any of the Gospels were written in Aramaic. An early Christian writer named Papias wrote (c. A.D. 120) that Matthew wrote the oracles of Christ “in the Hebrew tongue.” This is ambiguous because “the Hebrew tongue” could refer to the language known as Hebrew or to Aramaic, which was the tongue commonly spoken by Jews at that time.

The simple answer is, “no”. None of the gospels were written in any language other than Greek, as far as we know. First of all, it is just assumed with little or no evidence that the Jews spoke Aramaic in Jesus’ day rather than Greek. If Babylon imposed Aramaic onto the Jews and then Egypt most famously imposed Greek onto the whole world but Rome had not yet famously imposed Latin onto the world, then why do we say the Hebrew’s contemporary tongue was Aramaic? On top of all that, the Jews had already translated the Hebrew Torah into Greek. Aramaic is not even in that picture.

The 70 scholarly Jews who made the Septuagint did not translate an Aramaic Torah into Greek, nor did they translate a Hebrew Torah into Aramaic. The most logical and historically proven international language at the time of Jesus is without a doubt Greek, not Hebrew or Aramaic or any other language. To start calling every language the Hebrews learned “the Hebrew language” is a call to confusion. When the Hebrews learned Aramaic they knew they were speaking Aramaic. When the Hebrews learned Greek they new it was called Greek.

What Jesus read from the scroll of Isaiah aligns with the Greek copies of the Torah as found in The Dead Sea Scrolls. When the apostles quoted scripture it also aligned with the Greek Torah as found in The Dead Sea Scrolls. Nobody claims that the Jews, who completed the Bible in Greek, were quoting from an Aramaic copy of the Hebrew Torah or were interpreting the Hebrew into Aramaic as they read it to an Aramaic speaking crowd of Jews in the synagogue. The common claim is that the Jews in the synagogues were reading Hebrew to their audience no matter who they were talking to.

Since there was a synagogue in every city, the Jews used contemporary copies of the Septuagint. The Greek speaking first century Jews were using their own Greek translation of the Torah to teach their own people who were scattered in the Greek speaking nations. These super-evangelistic, Holy Spirit filled Jews, simply completed their canon of scripture in Greek, while quoting from their Greek Torah. Is anybody unconfused yet?

Which one is older: The Septuagint or Masoretic Text?

Answer by Timothy Timmer:

The Masoretic text was finalized around AD 1000, about 1200 years after the Septuagint.

The Torah was translated into Greek first, around 250 BC, then the rest of the Tanakh shortly afterward.

The Dead Sea Scrolls do have some Proto-Masoretic texts, giving evidence of that family already existing in the first century, but it was only one family among several textual traditions. The Septuagintal family was the more popular one (represented by the Greek Septuagint as well as Proto-Septuagintal Hebrew) until the converts to Yeshua effectively used it to bring in more Jewish converts to the Messianic way. Then the Jews changed to accept only the Hebrew manuscripts.

The Greek Septuagint, Proto-Septuagintal Hebrew, Aramaic targums, & Samaritan Pentateuch have more in common with each other than any of them to with the Proto-Masoretic texts.

What Is the Masoretic Text?

by Ryan Nelson | Sep 28, 2018 | Article Excerpt

The Masoretic Text was an answer to a problem that had been building in the Jewish community for centuries: biblical Hebrew was ambiguous, and most Jews didn’t know how to read it anymore. With no vowels, punctuation, or stress marks, the original Hebrew left a lot of room for interpretive errors. And as biblical Hebrew fell out of usage, the [Hebrew] Scriptures became virtually inaccessible to the public.

The Masoretic Text so rigidly defined the Hebrew Bible’s punctuation and wording that there could only be one way to read and understand it: the same way rabbis had for centuries.

[Rabbis are unbelievers who openly reject the stated goals of the Jewish Messiah as the very reason to invent and preserve an eternally half-baked religion along with many other false notions like the Teutonic superiority associated with the Ashkenazi]