David was the anointed king who escaped into the land of the Philistines to avoid being killed by King Saul. In fulfillment of the type, Jesus’ parents went into Egypt so King Herod wouldn’t kill Him. The Jews obviously saw David as a type of Christ.

The Jews translated their Hebrew text into Greek a couple hundred years before Jesus arrived. They made the Septuagint because Greek had become the common language. Apparently Jesus Himself quoted from it about a hundred times. Seventy Greek speaking Jewish scholars made it even more obvious that Jesus is their messiah, when they recorded their modern Greek edition of God’s Word. Compare the LITV English version of Psalm 56 as translated from the ancient Hebrew to Brenton’s English version as translated from the more modern Greek text.

Every modern translation should be an honest scholarly work that restates the meaning of the foreign text into modern day parlance. It would be a lot easier if exact word for word translations were possible.

In this psalm, David was being persecuted by Philistines. The rebellious part of humanity that was afflicting David occupied the southern part of the promised land. The Philistines were worshipping false gods and were ripe for judgement from the one true God. They of course wanted to keep the promised land for themselves. God was fulfilling covenant promises with a small portion of the humans while bringing judgement on the disobedient ones. David speaks of his (human) soul being delivered from the death that the Philistines were threatening him with. David asks for God’s wrath to come upon them in answer to their desire to kill David’s re-covenanted humanity.

Psalms 56

LITV ¹ To the chief musician. Concerning the silent dove, those far off. Of David, a secret treasure (when the Philistines seized him in Gath). Favor me, O God, for man snuffs me up; all the day fighting oppresses me. ² My watchers panted for me all the day; for many are proudly fighting against me. ³ The day I am afraid, I will trust in You. ⁴ In God I will praise His word; in God I have trusted; I will not fear; what will flesh do to me? ⁵ All the day they pervert my words; all their thoughts are against me for evil. ⁶ They stir up strife; they hide; they observe my footprints as they wait for my soul. ⁷ Is escape for them by iniquity? In anger the peoples cast down, O God. ⁸ You have counted my wandering; O put my tears in Your bottle; are they not in Your Book? ⁹Then my enemies will turn back in the day I call; this I know, for God is for me. ¹⁰ In God I will praise the Word; in Jehovah I will praise the Word. ¹¹ In God I have trusted; I will not fear; what will man do to me? ¹² On me, O God, are Your vows; I will render to You thank offerings. ¹³For You have delivered my soul from death. Do You not keep my feet from falling, so that I may walk before God in the light of the living?

Psalms 56

Brenton ^{1 (55:1)} For the end, concerning the people that were removed from the sanctuary, by David for a memorial, when the Philistines caught him in Geth. Have mercy upon me, O God; for man has trodden me down; all the day long he warring has afflicted me. ^{2 (55:2)} Mine enemies have trodden me down all the day from the dawning of the day; for there are many warring against me. ^{3 (55:3)} They shall be afraid, but I will trust in thee. ^{4 (55:4)} In God I will praise my words; all the day have I hoped in God; I will not fear what flesh shall do to me. ^{5 (55:5)} All the day long they have abominated my words; all their devices are against me for evil. ^{6 (55:6)} They will dwell near and hide themselves; they will watch my steps, accordingly as I have waited patiently in my soul (or ‘as I have suffered this for my soul‘). ^{7 (55:7)} Thou wilt on no account save them; thou wilt bring down the people in wrath. ^{8 (55:8)} O God, I have declared my life to thee; thou has set my tears before thee, even according to thy promise. ^{9 (55:9)} Mine enemies shall be turned back, in the day wherein I shall call upon thee; behold, I know that thou art my God. ^{10 (55:10)} In God, will I praise his word; in the Lord will I praise his saying. ^{11 (55:11)} I have hoped in God; I will not be afraid of what man shall do to me. ^{12 (55:12)} The vows of thy praise, O God, which I will pay, are upon me. ^{13 (55:13)} For thou hast delivered my soul from death, and my feet from sliding, that I should be well-pleasing before God in the land of the living.

A first century Jew named Peter quoted from Psalm 16 to make it clear to that generation of Jews that David was indeed a type of Christ. His soul was not left in Hades. God delivered His soul from death. He was resurrected to be the first in the promised land of the n.c.. It was Jesus’ body that did not see decay, not David’s. Jesus’ living soul was a fully blessed old covenant life. He would multiply and be fruitful in the new covenant by the same Holy Spirit that gave life to His body at His conception and then again gave Him new covenant life at His transition resurrection.

Even David was waiting for Jesus to rescue him from the o.c. death. Jesus would fill the land and rule in all nationalities in the new creation (Jesus gave eternal life to even the pre-humanized animal souls. Biblically the Gentiles had ‘animal’ souls). Eschaton Adam fulfilled Adam’s great commission by moving the human soul’s great commission to a new creation. The human soul of the new creation took in every nation.

Acts 2:25-36

YLT ²⁵ for David saith in regard to him: I foresaw the Lord always before me—because He is on my right hand—that I may not be moved; ²⁶ because of this was my heart cheered, and my tongue was glad, and yet—my flesh also shall rest on hope, ²⁷ because Thou wilt not leave my soul to hades, nor wilt Thou give Thy Kind One to see corruption; ²⁸Thou didst make known to me ways of life, Thou shalt fill me with joy with Thy countenance.  (Psalm 16) ²⁹ `Men, brethren! it is permitted to speak with freedom unto you concerning the patriarch David, that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is among us unto this day; <sup>30</sup> a prophet, therefore, being, and knowing that with an oath God did swear to him, out of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, to raise up the Christ, to sit upon his throne, <sup>31</sup> having foreseen, he did speak concerning the rising again of the Christ, that his soul was not left to hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. <sup>32</sup> `This Jesus did God raise up, of which we are all witnesses; ³³ at the right hand then of God having been exalted—also the promise of the Holy Spirit having received from the Father—he was shedding forth this, which now ye see and hear; ³⁴for David did not go up to the heavens, and he saith himself: The Lord saith to my lord, Sit thou at my right hand, ³⁵ till I make thy foes thy footstool; ³⁶ assuredly, therefore, let all the house of Israel know, that both Lord and Christ did God make him—this Jesus whom ye did crucify.’ 

So where was Jesus’ spirit before the resurrection, if His soul was in Hades and His body was in the grave? It was His spirit He mentioned as He breathed out His last o.c. breath of air.

Luke 23:46

YLT ⁴⁶ and having cried with a loud voice, Jesus said, `Father, to Thy hands I commit my spirit;’ and these things having said, he breathed forth the spirit.

Mark 15:37

YLT ³⁷ And Jesus having uttered a loud cry, yielded the spirit,

Other translations of Luke 23:46 and Mark 15:37 say, “expired” or “breathed His last” rather than “breathed forth the spirit” or “yielded the spirit”. Mr Young associated the death of Jesus’ body with His spirit leaving the body. I think the spirit is rightly seen by Mr Young as the animating or life-giving part of the body that didn’t perish when the body died but left the body and went to Hades to wait for Jesus’ resurrection. If the last breath Jesus exhaled represented the spirit leaving the body then did the soul also leave? Did it leave at the same time or is it the same thing?

The spirit is in another realm we can’t see, so we associate it with breath or wind. Adam’s body was the only one said to get a special breath in his nose from God and as a result he became a more godlike (in His image) living soul. But nephesh doesn’t primarily mean wind or air like spirit does. The root word means ‘neck’ or ‘throat’, which does include the idea of breath and the idea of a living organism. But a neck is not invisible. It is natural or soulish. At least it was in the old covenant. The new covenant word for soul does mean air and does imply a more spirit-realm creation. Even the Septuagint uses the word pseuke to retroactively replace nephesh. The Greek language prepared the way for the human soul to become more intimately spiritual.

All other living souls only breathed the common air in God’s good creation. Adam shared the ‘air’ with God in the garden. He was a special creation in a special proximity to God’s Spirit. God’s Spirit was in Adam’s nose and Adam’s realm/land. But nobody had eternal life in their natural or soulish body. Adam had that potential to live to the age in his flesh and blood body in his special location, before he fell. But Adam naturally lost that life-to-the-age potential. Life to the age in the new creation isn’t by location or flesh and blood. It isn’t visible. It is Spirit to spirit.

Every o.c. human would exhale their last breath and go to Hades. Jesus would lay down His soul only to take it up again in a new creation. His soul was not left in the place of the dead ones. So is there a difference between soul and spirit? Could Jesus have synonymously said, I lay down my soul or spirit only to take it up again? Or into your hands I commit my spirit or soul? I assume they both left His mortal body when it died, if they are two different things.

Romans 8:11-12

ECB ¹¹ But if the Spirit of him who raised Yah Shua from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Messiah from the dead also enlivens your mortal bodies through his Spirit dwelling in you. ¹² So then brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh – to live after the flesh.

The spirit obviously isn’t causing this biological body of mine to live forever. Paul didn’t need his flesh body after he joined the martyrs under the alter and Jesus didn’t need His flesh body in Hades. The only spirits needing flesh bodies were on earth. Especially the irredeemably lost spirits called demons. Why aren’t they called lost souls? They had no proper soul because they were not part of God’s good or very good soul creations of Genesis chapters 1 & 2. Hence they weren’t allowed to return to dirt or go to Hades after they died in the flood. They were born as the hybrid pro-creations of the fallen angels who broke the bounds of both earthy bodies (species) and heavenly bodies. Like there fallen fathers, demons were destined for destruction. Neither were put on hold in Hades.

Samaritans were typically viewed by the Jews as the irredeemable hybrids in the flesh because they procreated outside the body of humanity, but all the animal nations were part of the great commission from the beginning. Fallen angels were not. In the diaspora, most of the 12 tribes, including most of the tribe of Judah, were assimilating into the nations as part of the gospel fulfillment. All things were working for the good for those who love Yeshua the Messiah. Life to the age could be given to any body; even the hybrid body of the Samaritans.

John 20:19-22

YLT ¹⁹ It being, therefore, evening, on that day, the first of the sabbaths, and the doors having been shut where the disciples were assembled, through fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the midst, and saith to them, `Peace to you;’ <sup>20</sup> and this having said, he showed them his hands and side; the disciples, therefore, rejoiced, having seen the Lord. <sup>21</sup> Jesus, therefore, said to them again, `Peace to you; according as the Father hath sent me, I also send you;’ ²² and this having said, he breathed on them, and saith to them, `Receive the Holy Spirit;

Rather than in Adam’s nose or in the garden with Adam, the indwelling Spirit of God creates humanity in His image with a more personal than ever Spirit to spirit relationship in the new covenant temple.

On the evening of Jesus’ resurrection day He breathes on His disciples. Breathing on someone is associated with God’s special work of creation in Adam. Jesus linked it to Himself and to the Holy Spirit that they would be receiving from Him in 50 days. Adam didn’t receive the Holy Spirit in the n.c. way. The breath of God in the garden went in his nose and down his neck to his body, so he is called soulish or natural in Corinthians 15. Jesus breathed on His disciples in the evening of the first of the sabbaths, but they would get that breath from heaven in the morning of the eighth of the sabbaths. Eight to the Jews meant: a new creation, 50 meant: enter the original sabbath.

Pentecost is when other Jews entered the new Jewish humanity with their Jewish Messiah. Jesus entered the new creation on the 7th day because His humanity was complete. Just as He started His o.c. ministry on the 7th day with the Holy Spirit, the Jews started their new covenant ministry on the 7th day with the Holy Spirit. It was the same Holy Spirit that raised Jesus from the dead and into the new land of promise. Jesus entered the new covenant land on the first of the sabbaths; the other Jews entered on the eighth of the sabbaths. This is all full humanity language.

Romans 8:16-17

ECB ¹⁶ The self-same Spirit co-witnesses with our spirit, that we are the children of Elohim: ¹⁷ and if children, then heirs – heirs of Elohim – and indeed co-heirs with Messiah; whenever we co-suffer to also co-glorify.

James 4:5

KJV ⁵ Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy?

Romans 8:27

CLV ²⁷ Now He Who is searching the hearts is aware what is the disposition of the spirit, for in accord with God is it pleading for the saints.”

Those who suffered the covenant transition were in the re-covenanted family of God by the Holy Spirit to human spirit co-mission.

1 Corinthians 5:5

YLT ⁵ to deliver up such a one to the Adversary for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.

Paul wanted this man delivered to the enemy to destroy his flesh in order to save his spirit, because His flesh was ruling his spirit, causing him to break his earthly father’s marriage covenant. Paul wanted his spirit to stop breaking his father’s covenant before the Day of the Lord judgement came (Dishonor your father and mother and you won’t live long on the land). If the Day wasn’t coming in that generation then salvation or destruction of this man’s spirit wasn’t near. This man effectively had no soul to save since even his own father’s marriage covenant couldn’t restrain or tame his spirit. He was acting soulless even though he was in the new creation of the eternal human soul. There was however still hope for him in his heavenly Father’s new betrothal covenant. But his covenant breaking flesh needed to be stopped before AD 70 destroyed the old covenant breaking flesh-mode.

Romans 8:1-19

ECB ¹
THE TORAH OF THE SPIRIT; LIFE IN THE MESSIAH 
So there is now no condemnation to them who are in Messiah Yah Shua. ^{*not in mss; but see 8:4 2} For the torah of the Spirit of life in Messiah Yah Shua liberates me from the torah of sin and death. ³ For the torah, being incapable, – frail through the flesh, Elohim sending his own Son in the likeness of the flesh of sin; and for sin, condemned the sin in the flesh: ⁴ to fulfill/shalam the judgment of the torah in us, who walk not after flesh, but after Spirit. ⁵
IN FLESH VS IN SPIRIT 
For they being after flesh, think of the flesh; and they after Spirit, of the Spirit. ⁶ For the thought of the flesh, is death; but the thought of the spirit, life and shalom. ⁷ Because the thought of the flesh is enmity to Elohim: for it neither subjugates to the torah of Elohim nor indeed can. ⁸ So they who are in flesh, cannot please Elohim. ⁹ And you are not in flesh, but in Spirit whenever the Spirit of Elohim dwell in you. and if one has not the Spirit of Messiah, he is none of his. ¹⁰ And if Messiah is in you, the body is indeed dead because of sin; and the Spirit is life because of justness. ¹¹ But if the Spirit of him who raised Yah Shua from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Messiah from the dead also enlivens your mortal bodies through his Spirit dwelling in you. ¹² So then brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh – to live after the flesh. ¹³ For if you live after flesh, you are about to die: but if you, through Spirit, deathify the functions of the body, you live. ¹⁴ For as many as are led by Spirit of Elohim, are the sons of Elohim. ¹⁵
THE SPIRIT OF SONSHIP 
For you take not the spirit of servitude again to awe; but you take the Spirit of sonship, wherein we cry, Abba, Father. ¹⁶ The self-same Spirit co-witnesses with our spirit, that we are the children of Elohim: ¹⁷ and if children, then heirs – heirs of Elohim – and indeed co-heirs with Messiah; whenever we co-suffer to also co-glorify. ¹⁸ For I reckon that the sufferings of this present season are not worthy of the glory about to be unveiled (verb of revelation) in us.  ¹⁹ For the intense anticipation of the creature awaits the apocalypse (noun of revelation) of the sons of Elohim.

The “creature” in verse 19 is usually translated the “creation” as in old creation humanity became new creation humanity from AD 30 – AD 70, revealing the true family of God to be the new covenant church. God made all the living souls in Genesis chapter one, but the one that was His more personal soul was being made in His image. God doesn’t need a human soul or a covenant to tame His Spirit; to cause Him to do right and to stop Him from doing wrong. We need the human soul to tame our spirits. Jesus became a human soul and took it to the new creation (which then took in all the souls of creation). Jesus laid down His soul only to take it up again.

The sinless human soul of God’s only begotten Son intervened on behalf of His people to rescue them from destruction and to give them His immortal human soul. Jesus’ humanity would have lived to the age in His old covenant and did live to the age in His new covenant. Adam’s lost potential was saved. He told His disciples to lose their soul to save it. They needed to leave the old human soul of Adam in order to get the new covenant soul of Christ.

Christ’s human soul was fine in the o.c., but He wasn’t the firstborn in that flesh covenant. He was the only begotten. By way of the cross He started a new creation with the Holy Spirit. In the old creation the Holy Spirit didn’t remain on Him until He was about 30. Now we have the even more grace-giving and effective new covenant human soul intervening on our behalf as the firstborn human.

Acts 27:37

CLV ³⁷ Now we were, in all, two hundred seventy six souls in the ship.”

Paul intervened and saved 276 shipmates who lost all hope of making it to land. Like David, Paul mentioned the “souls” being saved from the watery grave rather than their flesh bodies or their spirits? It was the living soul of humanity that needed saved to the age. Even S.O.S. means save our souls. Paul’s ship was definitely not the concern and it was not saved. S.O.B. wouldn’t work as a plea for help either, even though their bodies were saved. A soul implies a fellow human in a co-operation to live. Save our spirits doesn’t mean the same thing. A spirit in a body could be evil and uncooperative.

A soul implies a common realm of life, such as the humanity that had pervaded all the nations by the first century. If the common Greek language wasn’t enough to get the Word across the borders to the other nations, then Pentecost was. At Pentecost all the loyal Jews who gathered for the feast miraculously heard the gospel in their own diaspora languages. Their old covenant souls were saved into the promised land of the new covenant. The diaspora was the watery grave the 12 tribes were saved from before AD 70 ended the opportunity to save their shipwrecked souls. All souls on board were saved.

Isaiah 42:1

ECB ¹
THE SERVANT OF YAH VEH 
Behold my servant, whom I uphold; my chosen, in whom my soul is pleased: I give my spirit on him; he brings judgment to the goyim:

God entered into covenant with His people. He agreed to act a certain way and the people agreed to act a certain way. God would bless them if they acted one way and curse them if they acted another. God put Himself in a common covenant with humans. In that sense God put Himself in their constitution. God took on a soul to govern His Spirit. Even if it is an anthropomorphism, since a soul is a covenant creation. But then again Jesus didn’t just snap His fingers. He actually entered the old creation to become our human priest in the new creation. God transitioned to the new creation by becoming one of us.

At His baptism Jesus was accepted by the Father as the one who fulfilled the creation of the living human soul in the full image of God. The Holy Spirit came down from heaven and remained on Him after He grew up under the old covenant law of humanity. Jesus was coming up out of the water when the Holy Spirit came down as a dove. The word fluttered is only used in the Bible in conjunction with birds, other than in Genesis chapter 1 when the Spirit fluttered over the waters. The wind from doves wings lifted Jesus out of the water as a new land formation. Noah sent out a dove looking for land as the water of chaos was receding. In obvious contrast, a stormy wind arrived at Pentecost to raise Jesus’ people as His new land.

Adam and Eve were confronted by God in the windy part of the day, which the LXX identifies as the evening, which is when Jesus tells His disciples not to fear and then proleptically breathes on them in anticipation of the windy Holy Spirit. Judgement was coming. The sun was setting on the 6th eschatological day of the land causing the cooling air to stir up the wind. Jesus was initiating them into His sabbath rest. He told His disciples not to fear, on their proleptic seventh day of His resurrection. There remained a sabbath rest for the people of God. The eternal sabbath was on their horizon. The rejectors would remain in and be judged by their day of works.

Jesus was the fulfilled creation of 6th day humanity. His spirit did not break out of the old covenant realm until He was resurrected by the Holy Spirit into a new creation (holy land). Holy rarely refers to the land after Malachi. It was the presence of God that made their dirt holy. Acts 7:33 recalls when Moses goes to the burning bush and God calls the place where Moses stands, “holy ground”. In Acts 6:33 some false witnesses referred to “this place” as holy. In the o.c. holy was used of the temple, it’s implements, it’s sacrifices and the festivals. In the n.c. it is mostly the Spirit of God that is being called holy and makes holy.

The Holy Spirit joined with Jesus’ spirit under law because He was already holy, even in the old corrupted land. God and the Holy Spirit co-witnessed to Jesus’ spirit that He was the Son of God who well-pleased the Father in the o.c. before the Holy Spirit was gifted to all God’s covenant people. God’s people are the dirt made holy.

Jesus became the human soul who could join the human’s responsibility with God’s response, without everyone dying. A soul is a creation just as a covenant is a creation. God entered the creation of the covenant He made with Israel at Sinai, but Jesus actually took on a human body to enter the the old covenant creation to fulfill it’s terms in a body. It was not just an anthropomorphism.

He fulfilled the two-sided agreement as the living human soul, in order to fulfill the unconditional promises God made. How could God be true to His soul creation that promised both grace and justice. The unconditional response of grace was part of God’s covenant He made with Abraham. Unconditional is fulfilled in the body of Christ. Conditional was fulfilled in the o.c. body still under law.

The shortest definition of soul is covenant-creation. The first four living souls were defined by the general revelation of creation. We hardly call that a covenant though. Special revelation was added to the human realm in the garden, but even the first four living souls would suffer consequences for trespassing into the other realms, like a fish out of water. Only the human assignment included ruling in the other 4 realms, ultimately by giving them a human soul too.

Since Adam left his boundaries and fell into soul death he had to leave his land. The line he crossed was disobedience. His soul needed saved from the death: Hades. In the end, the ever-living soul of the made-new creation encompassed all of creation. Jesus became a life giving spirit. Adam was a death giving spirit. As in Adam all die so in Christ all live.

The general-revelation living-soul is bound by restraints that are defined by the animal body as well as the environment. This general soul is given special revelation in the human body. It is also called a living soul. When the o.c. human body died, the soul went to the temporary place of the dead ones. Augustine believed the soul was there to master the spirit. The spirit is temporarily contained by the animal body. The human body under special revelation of the law could still not be mastered. All o.c. souls died dying. The Master and the Messiah (Lord and Christ) told the body of humans in the land that they had to lose their soul to keep it.

The n.c. soul is not the flesh body of humanity under law. Those who tried to keep that soul fell even further into the animal nature before AD 70. The first eternal human soul died (was put to death) in obedience and was therefore resurrected by the Holy Spirit. After dying once, He became a first born life giving spirit. The living body of Christ is defined by the spirit realm of creation. That is why it no longer has land boundaries.

Before taking everyones breath away, God gave Noah a special place so he could keep breathing past the 120 year deadline. Jesus gave a special breath to His people before the final Day of the Lord, so they too could live to the age of judgement and beyond. God’s Spirit did live with His new covenant people to the age, precisely because the new body was not in the flesh. The o.c. soul was typically associated with “in the flesh” which was going away.

The Greek Word for SOUL

ψύχω 
psuchō 
psoo’-kho 
A primary verb; to breathe 

ψυχή

psuche

psoo-kay

A primary noun: breath

Dodson: ψυχή the soul, life, self (a) the vital breath, breath of life, (b) the human soul, (c) the soul as the seat of affections and will, (d) the self, (e) a human person, an individual.

As the second creation humanity, Jesus mimics His Father when He breathes on (or into) His disciples. If you are not convinced that Jesus fulfilled o.c. humanity and transferred it to a new humanity, just look at this particular Greek word for breathe. John (20:22) uses the same root word for breathe as the LXX uses in Genesis 2:7, when God breathed into Adam’s face. For emphasis it is only used once after Malachi (John 20:22). Jesus not only takes the first born human’s place but He also re-presents God into the face of His disciples. The first born is the one breathing God’s image into His people in the new creation.

ἐμφυσάω 
emphusaō 
em-foo-sah’-o 
From G1722 and  φυσάω phusaō to blow at or on

Acts 2:2 uses a different word for breath (pnoē) that is only used twice in the Greek after Malachi and once in the LXX: Once in LXX Isaiah 40:24 it is a breath that withers those God has not planted. In acts 2:2 it is the resurrection and re-formation breath given to the 12 tribes. In Acts 17:25 it is the breath God is giving to all nations; having been humanized from one blood.

Isaiah 40:24

Thomson ²⁴ For they could not plant nor could they sow, nor could their root strike into the ground (land); he blew upon them and they withered, and a whirlwind will sweep them away like stubble.

Acts 2:2

YLT ² and there came suddenly out of the heaven a sound as of a bearing violent breath, and it filled all the house where they were sitting,

Acts 17:25

LITV ²⁵ nor is served by hands of men, as having need of anything. For He is giving life and breath and all things to all.

πνοή 
pnoē 
pno-ay’ 
From G4154; respiration, a breeze

KJV Usage: breath, wind.

Another word that means breath or air is the one that grants eternal life in 1 Corinthians 15; pneuma. It is contrasted to the soul of Adam. The soul in the flesh is in the human from the dust. He is called soulish or natural. Adam’s spirit did not grant life to Eve or anyone else because Adam lost that co-mission potential with her when he fell with her. The second human from heaven grants life to His church (bride already corporate in co-mission with Him). He is a life giving spirit. His spirit sent the Holy Spirit from the Father. In the flesh body of Adam, all return to the dust. In the spiritual body of Christ, all live in heaven. Even heaven can mean air, atmosphere, sky or spiritual realm. The old covenant was a dirt-land-flesh covenant. The new covenant is created Spirit to spirit. The o.c. was escaped from by Jesus’ flesh and blood mode sacrifice. He sacrificed His perfectly good o.c. life. The new covenant is entered by the Holy Spirit He sent from heaven.

πνεῦμα 
pneuma 
pnyoo’-mah 
From G4154; a current of air, that is, breath(blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively a spirit,

The breath in the nostrils of Adam reached it’s full potential only in eschaton Adam. Only the messiah had eternal life in the o.c.. He granted it to His people in the spirit realm creation before judgement day came to the o.c. flesh and blood creation. In AD 70 all the soulish 12 tribes returned to the land they were taken from. The diaspora was made complete and permanent. Jesus told the Jews to lose their soul to keep it, just as He laid down His soul only to take up again. The living human soul is the body of Christ. The one and only body of God’s people was made eternal in Christ, in heaven, not in any land on earth.

Spirit to spirit ‘breath’ is even more effective than Face to face breath. The word breath doesn’t even belong when I say Spirit to spirit. There is no flesh face in between these two S/spirits. God’s human soul is is no longer in the flesh. Judgement came to humanity still in the flesh. “Because they are flesh my Spirit will not strive with humanity to the age”. Adam was the unique human soul in the flesh commissioned to tame all souls. Jesus took his place. The diaspora (spored) was raised to a spiritual body.

1 Corinthians 15:44-50

ECB ⁴⁴ spored a soulical body; raised a spiritual body. There is a soulical body and there is a spiritual body. ⁴⁵ And thus it is scribed, The first human Adam became into a living soul; the final Adam into an enlivening spirit. ⁴⁶ Rather the spiritual is not first; but the soulical – and then the spiritual. ⁴⁷ The first human is dust from the earth; the second human is Adonay from the heavens. ⁴⁸ Such as the dust, such also those of dust: and such as the heavenlies, such also those of the heavenlies. ⁴⁹ And exactly as we bear the icon of the dust we also bear the icon of the heavenlies. ⁵⁰ And this I say brothers, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the sovereigndom of Elohim; corruptibility inherits not incorruptibility.

I know it was 120 years before the flood judgement ended Noah’s world, but then Moses was typically judged to die in the flesh at the age of 120 outside the promised land. Maybe worse than the disobedient ones who didn’t listen to Noah, Moses failed to listen to God Himself. For that He was judged to die outside the typical promised land, but not the antitypical promised land. His was not a natural death of old age at 120. The body of Moses was typically judged to death by God. His body was put to rest on a mountain top where he could see the o.c. promised land, while his soul waited in Hades for Jesus to take him into the new covenant promised land.

Deuteronomy 34:7

LITV ⁷ And Moses was a son of a hundred and twenty years at his death; his eye had not become dim, nor had his natural force abated.

Moses’ final judgement day was put on hold, until Jesus fulfilled the 1000 year age of Adam. The fulfillment of Adam’s age was before or at the same time as the Day of the Lord/LORD. The 70 Jewish scribes who made the LXX replaced the name “Yahweh” from the Hebrew manuscript with the Greek word “LORD”. Yahweh gave all judgement to Yeshua His Son, whom the Greek Bible after Malachi also called Lord. Modern translators continue to replace the name “Yahweh” YHWH) with “LORD” when making an English translation from the Hebrew manuscript where it actually says YHWH. They use all caps when replacing the name Yahweh with LORD in an effort to make a distinction between the LORD Father and the Lord Son. There was no such distinction in the Greek or Hebrew manuscripts.

Greek scriptures were mostly used during the Second Temple period, because not many people could read Hebrew at that time. The Greek Bible after Malachi quotes from the Greek Septuagint more often than from the original Hebrew text.

The nation inside the land was allowed to miss 490 years of sabbaticals twice before the Day of the Lord ended the o.c. world of Moses. Personally, 120 years still seems to be as far as we can possibly get to the promised land in our earthy bodies, far from the millennial age that lead into the eternal age. Of course the 1000 years age in the land went corporate after Moses died. Like Adam, the nation could have potentially lived to 1000.

The Messiah did make a short work of it though. Taking the place of Adam He only needed to fulfill 70 more years till judgement day, which also alludes to the 70 sabbath make-up years of Israel. Just as only a remnant entered the land after the typical 70 sabbath years were fulfilled, a remnant entered the non-typical land after the antitype 70 years of Yeshua the Messiah were fulfilled; LORD of the sabbath. Jesus still makes a short work of humanity on earth. The average lifespan today is 70 years. In heaven we never die and on earth the new covenant body of Christ never dies.

John 5:21-23

LITV ²¹ For even as the Father raises the dead, and gives life, so also the Son gives life to whomever He wills. ²² For the Father judges no one, but has given all judgment to the Son, ²³ so that all may honor the Son, even as they honor the Father. The one not honoring the Son does not honor the Father who has sent Him.

Genesis 6:3

CLV ³ And saying is Yahweh Elohim, “Not abide shall My spirit in the human for the eon, in that moreover, he is flesh. And come shall his days to be a hundred and twenty years.

Hebrews 10:38

LITV ³⁸ “But the just shall live by faith;” “and if he draws back,” “My soul is not pleased in him.” Hab. 2:4

Verse 38 above is addressed to the Hebrews transitioning to their new covenant and warning them not to draw back to the old mortal man covenant in the flesh. Post resurrection, God’s soul was only pleased in the new creation of His only begotten Son, who took the place of the firstborn. In the old covenant God said that of His only begotten Son, but His Son was now in the new covenant and bringing others in by the Holy Spirit He sent. The old creation and the new creation would both see the true sons of God revealed in the AD 70 judgement. God was either pleased with those in His Son or not pleased with those who remained in the mortal first born.

Some o.c. souls withdrew from the n.c. soul to their own destruction. Jesus is the immortal soul of humanity. He was not the firstborn in the flesh body. He is firstborn in the Holy Spirit body. God’s new covenant soul is Jesus in the spirit realm body not Adam in the flesh realm body.

Jesus breathed Holy Spirit life (the image of God) into the old covenant body of humanity to make it anew. He then included all of the soul creations, starting with Cornelius. Cornelius was no doubt pre-humanized by o.c. Jews before Jewish Peter welcomed him as a fellow human rather than an unclean animal, however reluctant Peter was at first. At first Peter saw unclean bodies of animals in the flesh. He had to get over his Jewish mode of seeing a clean or unclean flesh body. He had to see the spirit realm body.

The new human soul is not defined by a flesh body. That was the living souls/bodies of the old creation. The Greek language differentiates between the soul and the flesh body. The Jewish Greek-speaking interpreters chose to call nephesh a soul rather than a body. It could have been either, but progressive humanity chose soul. The Hebrew language didin’t really have a word for body either. The word nephesh originally meant neck or throat. It is where the head attaches to the body. From the head comes air, food and direction for the body. The word nephesh became more spirit realm rather than flesh realm when it was replaced by the word pseuke.

600,000 Greek words are in use today, making the Greek vocabulary the largest in the world. 3.5 times bigger than the English vocabulary and 85 times bigger than biblical Hebrew (7000). Though the Greek Bible after Malachi only used about 5300 different Greek words, they had plenty more to choose from. Many greek words are just nuanced by suffix, prefix or tense. They did use two different words for soul and body though. We continue to create new words to try to better organize the chaos of misunderstanding. We desire to disambiguate.

Since the Greek language has a larger vocabulary than the Hebrew, soul in Greek means wind or breath and body in Greek means body. God breathed into Adam and he became a living soul. They providentially separated the soul from the flesh body because the n.c. soul is no longer determined by the life of the flesh body but by the life of the spirit body. The soul of Jesus in His flesh body became a life giving spirit after His ascension. You don’t have to have a Jewish nose for the Holy Spirit He sent to indwell you. But Jesus’ Jewish brethren were the first to get the new creation breath from heaven. The eternal soul is now a Spirit to spirit creation no matter what flesh body your spirit temporarily resides in. The Greeks also have two words to differentiate between “Adam” and “humanity”. The Hebrews used one word for both and only the context or an article determines which it is.

Genesis 2:7

YLT ⁷ And Jehovah God formeth the man—dust from the ground, and breatheth into his nostrils breath of life, and the man becometh a living creature. 

Genesis 2:7

ECB ⁷ and Yah Veh Elohim forms Adam of the dust of the soil and puffs into his nostrils the breath of life; and Adam becomes a living soul. 
THE GARDEN OF EDEN 

Acts 10:15

CLV ¹⁵ And again, a second time, a voice came to him, “What God cleanses, do not you count contaminating!” (The new humanity is not defined by types of flesh bodies)

Romans 8:1-4

CLV ¹ Nothing, consequently, is now condemnation to those in Christ Jesus. Not according to flesh are they walking, but according to spirit, ² for the spirit’s law of life in Christ Jesus frees you from the law of sin and death. ³ For what was impossible to the law, in which it was infirm through the flesh, did God, sending His own Son in the likeness of sin’s flesh and concerning sin, He condemns sin in the flesh, ⁴ that the just requirement of the law may be fulfilled in us, who are not walking in accord with flesh, but in accord with spirit.”

Romans 8:9

CLV ⁹ Yet you are not in flesh, but in spirit, if so be that God’s spirit is making its home in you. Now if anyone has not Christ’s spirit, this one is not His.”

Anyone with the Spirit of God living in them lived to the age and were not judged to second death in the AD 70 Day of the Lord. In fulfillment of the typical judgement of Noah’s day, the breath from heaven saved them. God’s Spirit did live with born-again humanity to the new never-ending age because they were no longer in the flesh.

Genesis 6:3

Thomson ³ then the Lord God said, “My breath must not continue in these men (this humanity of Adam) to this age, because they are flesh; their days however, shall be an hundred and twenty years.”

The flesh body seal that Abraham received from God became the spiritual body seal, no longer seen in the flesh body. The new humanity is not defined by the visible body. What Peter had to get over during the sheet vision was the visible bodies that had previously defined clean and unclean souls for him. At first Peter saw 4 unclean animal bodies that were “never” to become part of the new human body. The great commission to Adam was fulfilled by Yeshua the messiah in His resurrected by the Holy Spirit body.

Romans 4:11

KJV ¹¹ And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto them also:

Ephesians 1:13

CLV ¹³ In Whom you also – on hearing the word of truth, the evangel of your salvation – in Whom on believing also, you are sealed with the holy spirit of promise”

John 14:16

YLT ¹⁶ and I will ask the Father, and another Comforter He will give to you, that he may remain with you—to the age;

Psalm 56:13 For thou hast delivered my soul from death, and my feet from sliding, that I should be well-pleasing before God in the land (or light) of the living.

The living human soul desired to live in God’s land in God’s light. It was the death of Adam that God states as the reason the first human soul had to leave His land. Genesis 2:7 describes Adam as becoming a living soul or coming into a living soul. Did his human soul die the day he ate? He may have wanted to stay in God’s land, but he no longer loved God’s light.

Adam’s spirit surely didn’t die or leave his body when he ate of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. That would have been a biological death if his spirit left his body. It would have been a second and permanent death if his spirit actually ceased to live. Nothing is said about Adam’s spirit in Genesis 2:7. God was typically ensouling Adam. The new covenant creation would be a Spirit to spirit ensoulment bypassing the typical flesh face.

Adam’s corporate body life in the land went into some kind of death and was not allowed to live to the age dying. Both Adam’s and Eve’s biological bodies (animated by their now guilt ridden spirits) would have remained alive to the age. The typical tree of life sustained the typical body life, but didn’t offer atonement. With a guilty conscience, Adam and Eve would have gone to second death at the age of 1000. God finally allowed those who rejected Christ to stay in the land in Adam; in the dying old covenant body that ended in 70 AD, with a guilty conscience. God permanently removed His Spirit from the typical temple in the land.

Even if some biological individual bodies survived that holocaust, their old covenant-life went to it’s second death. The nation was already in it’s first death. Like Adam they did not desire to be in God’s light. They just wanted to hide from the truth of God in His land; in the death of Adam. They drove their own people (with the new covenant presence of God) out of the land. Like Adam, those driven out of the land of first death were awaiting salvation. Salvation came Spirit to spirit, bypassing the hypocritical faces who chose to die dead at the end of the age, still hiding from God in His typical land. The Holy Spirit granted new covenant life to His people: to the fulfillment age of 1000.

John 20:22

YLT ²² and this having said, he breathed on them, and saith to them, `Receive the Holy Spirit;

There are seven occurrences of G1720 “breath” in the Greek Text: Six in the Septuagint and once after Malachi (John 20:22).

Dodson: G1720 ἐμφυσάω – I breathe into, breathe upon.
emphusaō 
em-foo-sah’-o 

1: Genesis 2:7

Brenton LXX ⁷ And God formed the man of dust of the earth, and breathed upon his face the breath of life, and the man became a living soul.

2: 1 Kings 17:21

Brenton LXX ²¹ And he breathed on the child thrice, and called on the Lord, and said, O Lord my God, let, I pray thee, the soul of this child return to him.

3: Job 4:21

Brenton LXX ²¹ For he blows upon them, and they are withered: they have perished for lack of wisdom.

4: Ezekiel 21:31

Brenton LXX ³¹ And I will pour out my wrath upon thee, I will blow upon thee with the fire of my wrath, and I will deliver thee into the hands of barbarians skilled in working destruction.

5: Ezekiel 37:9

Brenton LXX ⁹ And he said to me, Prophesy to the wind, prophesy, son of man, and say to the wind, Thus saith the Lord; Come from the four winds, and breathe upon these dead men, and let them live.

Who knows what Nahum 2:1 means? Following are three English translations from the Greek LXX and then one English translation from the Hebrew text.

6: Nahum 2:1

Brenton LXX ¹ It is all over with him, he has been removed, one who has been delivered from affliction has come up panting into thy presence, watch the way, strengthen thy loins, be very valiant in thy strength. (This sounds like Adam was put to death and resurrected as the new life-giving man)

Nahum 2:1

Thomson LXX ¹ Into thy presence came up panting one who is delivered from affliction. Watch the way; strengthen thy loins; act Man_1:2 fully with all thy might, (This translation sounds like a deliverer came up breathing into the Jewish face. The word translated “panting” is G1720 ἐμφυσάω – I breath into. The word translated “presence” is the word that means “face”)

Nahum 2:1

Apostolic Bible Polyglot – συντετέλεσται He is finished, ανήλωταιhe is consumed, ανέβη ascended εμφυσών breathing εις in πρόσωπόν σου your face εξαιρούμενος the one being lifted away εκ from out of θλίψεως affliction. σκόπευσον Watch όδον the way! κράτησον Hold οσφύος the loin! άνδρισαι Be manly τη³in ισχύι strength σφόδρα very!

Nahum 2:1

YLT ¹ Come up hath a scatterer to thy face, Keep the bulwark, watch the way, Strengthen the loins, strengthen power mightily.

7: John 20:22

YLT ²² and this having said, he breathed on them, and saith to them, `Receive the Holy Spirit;

The living human soul is still being created in people by the Breath of God from heaven. It is now the new covenant life given by the Holy Spirit. The eternal human soul is only found in the spirit realm of the new covenant. The realm of heaven extends to earth to raise God’s children in His humanity. Jesus died to the old covenant humanity. The resurrected Christ is the firstborn eternal soul of new creation humanity. The living human soul is a covenant creation. True humanity is now an indwelling Spirit to spirit relationship. It is more personal than the living soul of Adam and it can’t die. It can’t get any more personal.